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[{"id":34383,"question":"Quel est le nombre de chromosomes dans une cellule humaine normale ?","option_a":"23","option_b":"46","option_c":"22","option_d":"44","option_e":"","option_f":"","bonne_reponse":"B","explication":"Une cellule humaine diploïde contient 46 chromosomes (23 paires).","points":1,"type":"qcm","actif":1,"section_id":null,"ordre":0},{"id":34384,"question":"Une maladie génétique est toujours héréditaire.","option_a":"Vrai","option_b":"Faux","option_c":"","option_d":"","option_e":"","option_f":"","bonne_reponse":"B","explication":"Certaines maladies génétiques peuvent résulter de mutations spontanées (non héréditaires).","points":1,"type":"qcm","actif":1,"section_id":null,"ordre":0},{"id":34385,"question":"Quel terme désigne une anomalie du nombre de chromosomes ?","option_a":"Mutation génique","option_b":"Aneuploïdie","option_c":"Translocation","option_d":"Duplication","option_e":"","option_f":"","bonne_reponse":"B","explication":"L'aneuploïdie correspond à un nombre anormal de chromosomes (ex: trisomie).","points":1,"type":"qcm","actif":1,"section_id":null,"ordre":0},{"id":34386,"question":"Le caryotype permet de visualiser :","option_a":"L'ADN","option_b":"Les chromosomes","option_c":"Les protéines","option_d":"Les ribosomes","option_e":"","option_f":"","bonne_reponse":"B","explication":"Le caryotype est une représentation des chromosomes d'une cellule.","points":1,"type":"qcm","actif":1,"section_id":null,"ordre":0},{"id":34387,"question":"Une maladie récessive s'exprime uniquement si :","option_a":"L'allèle est dominant","option_b":"Les deux allèles sont mutés","option_c":"Un seul allèle est muté","option_d":"L'allèle est récessif","option_e":"","option_f":"","bonne_reponse":"B","explication":"Une maladie récessive nécessite la présence de deux allèles mutés pour s'exprimer.","points":1,"type":"qcm","actif":1,"section_id":null,"ordre":0},{"id":34388,"question":"La mucoviscidose est causée par une mutation du gène CFTR.","option_a":"Vrai","option_b":"Faux","option_c":"","option_d":"","option_e":"","option_f":"","bonne_reponse":"A","explication":"La mucoviscidose est bien causée par une mutation du gène CFTR.","points":1,"type":"qcm","actif":1,"section_id":null,"ordre":0},{"id":34389,"question":"Quel est le mode de transmission le plus fréquent pour la drépanocytose ?","option_a":"Autosomique dominant","option_b":"Autosomique récessif","option_c":"Lié au chromosome X","option_d":"Mitochondrial","option_e":"","option_f":"","bonne_reponse":"B","explication":"La drépanocytose est transmise selon un mode autosomique récessif.","points":1,"type":"qcm","actif":1,"section_id":null,"ordre":0},{"id":34390,"question":"Une translocation équilibrée a généralement des conséquences phénotypiques.","option_a":"Vrai","option_b":"Faux","option_c":"","option_d":"","option_e":"","option_f":"","bonne_reponse":"B","explication":"Une translocation équilibrée n'entraîne généralement pas de phénotype anormal.","points":1,"type":"qcm","actif":1,"section_id":null,"ordre":0},{"id":34391,"question":"Quel outil permet de détecter une trisomie 21 ?","option_a":"PCR","option_b":"Échographie","option_c":"Caryotype","option_d":"Séquençage","option_e":"","option_f":"","bonne_reponse":"C","explication":"Le caryotype permet de visualiser la trisomie 21 (3 chromosomes 21).","points":1,"type":"qcm","actif":1,"section_id":null,"ordre":0},{"id":34392,"question":"Les mutations peuvent être bénéfiques, neutres ou néfastes.","option_a":"Vrai","option_b":"Faux","option_c":"","option_d":"","option_e":"","option_f":"","bonne_reponse":"A","explication":"Les mutations peuvent avoir différents impacts selon leur nature et leur localisation.","points":1,"type":"qcm","actif":1,"section_id":null,"ordre":0}]